宝石名称

比重

莫氏硬度

折射率

寶石家族

Achorite

3.03 - 3.25

7.0 - 7.5 Mohs

1.610-1.661

Tourmaline

Agate

2.65

7.0 Mohs

1.530 - 1.550

Quartz

Alexandrite

3.68 - 3.78

8.5 Mohs

1.746 - 1.755

Chrysoberyl

Almandine

3.50 - 4.30

6.5 - 7.5 Mohs

1.750 - 1.830

Garnet

Almandine Spinel

3.58 - 4.06

8.0 Mohs

1.708 - 1.735

Spinel

Almandine-Spessartine

3.50 - 4.30

6.5 - 7.5 Mohs

1.750 - 1.830

Garnet

Amazonite

2.55 - 2.76

6.0 - 6.5 Mohs

1.518 - 1.526

Feldspar

Amethyst

2.65

7.0 Mohs

1.532 - 1.554

Quartz

Andradite

3.50 - 4.30

6.5 - 7.5 Mohs

1.880 - 1.940

Garnet

Aquamarine

2.63 - 2.91

7.5 - 8.0 Mohs

1.567-1.590

Beryl

Balas Ruby

3.58 - 4.06

8.0 Mohs

1.708 - 1.735

Spinel

Black Opal

1.98 - 2.25

5.5 - 6.5 Mohs

1.440 - 1.460

Opal

Bloodstone

2.65

7.0 Mohs

1.535 - 1.539

Quartz

Brazilian Emerald

3.03 - 3.25

7.0 - 7.5 Mohs

1.610 - 1.640

Tourmaline

Cairngorm

2.65

7.0 Mohs

1.540 - 1.550

Quartz

Carnelian

2.65

7.0 Mohs

1.530 - 1.550

Quartz

Cat's Eye

3.68 - 3.78

8.5 Mohs

1.746 - 1.755

Chrysoberyl

Chalcedony

2.65

7.0 Mohs

1.544 - 1.553

Quartz

Chlorspinel

3.58 - 4.06

8.0 Mohs

1.712 - 1.717

Spinel

Chrome Pyrope

3.50 - 4.30

6.5 - 7.5 Mohs

1.730 - 1.760

Garnet

Chrysoberyl

3.68 - 3.78

8.5 Mohs

1.746 - 1.755

Chrysoberyl

Chrysoprase

2.65

7.0 Mohs

1.530 - 1.550

Quartz

Citrine

2.65

7.0 Mohs

1.532 - 1.554

Quartz

Color-Change Garnet

3.50 - 4.30

6.5 - 7.5 Mohs

1.730 - 1.760

Garnet

Demantoid

3.50 - 4.30

6.5 - 7.5 Mohs

1.880 - 1.900

Garnet

Diamond

3.51

10 Mohs

2.417

Diamond

Dravite

3.03 - 3.25

7.0 - 7.5 Mohs

1.610-1.661

Tourmaline

Emerald

2.63 - 2.91

7.5 - 8.0 Mohs

1.560 - 1.605

Beryl

Feldspar

2.55 - 2.76

6.0 - 6.5 Mohs

1.518 - 1.572

Feldspar

Fire Opal

1.98 - 2.25

5.5 - 6.5 Mohs

1.430 - 1.460

Opal

Garnet

3.50 - 4.30

6.5 - 7.5 Mohs

1.730 - 1.760

Garnet

Ghanospinel

3.58 - 4.06

8.0 Mohs

1.712 - 1.747

Spinel

Goshenite

2.63 - 2.91

7.5 - 8.0 Mohs

1.570 - 1.600

Beryl

Green Quartz

2.65

7.0 Mohs

1.540-1.550

Quartz

Grossular

3.50 - 4.30

6.5 - 7.5 Mohs

1.880 - 1.940

Garnet

Heliodore

2.63 - 2.91

7.5 - 8.0 Mohs

1.570 - 1.600

Beryl

Heliotrope

2.65

7.0 Mohs

1.535 - 1.539

Quartz

Hessonite

3.50 - 4.30

6.5 - 7.5 Mohs

1.730 - 1.760

Garnet

Hyacinth

4.60 - 4.70

7.5 Mohs

1.777 - 1.987

Zircon

Indicolite

3.03 - 3.25

7.0 - 7.5 Mohs

1.610 - 1.640

Tourmaline

Jade

2.90 - 3.10

6.0 Mohs

1.640 - 1.667

Jade

Jadeite

2.90 - 3.10

6.0 Mohs

1.640 - 1.667

Jade

Jargon

4.60 - 4.70

7.5 Mohs

1.777 - 1.987

Zircon

Jasper

2.65

7.0 Mohs

1.540 - 1.550

Quartz

Labradorite

2.55 - 2.76

6.0 - 6.5 Mohs

1.560 - 1.572

Feldspar

Lapis Lazuli

2.70 - 2.90

5.0 - 5.5 Mohs

1.500 - 1.550

Lapis Lazuli

Malaia

3.50 - 4.30

6.5 - 7.5 Mohs

1.880 - 1.940

Garnet

Matura Diamond

4.60 - 4.70

7.5 Mohs

1.777 - 1.987

Zircon

Moonstone

2.55 - 2.76

6.0 - 6.5 Mohs

1.518 - 1.526

Feldspar

Morganite

2.63 - 2.91

7.5 - 8.0 Mohs

1.585 - 1.594

Beryl

Morion

2.65

7.0 Mohs

1.540 - 1.550

Quartz

Nephrite

2.90 - 3.10

6.0 Mohs

1.600 - 1.641

Jade

Onyx

2.65

7.0 Mohs

1.531 - 1.539

Quartz

Opal

1.98 - 2.25

5.5 - 6.5 Mohs

1.440 - 1.460

Opal

Orthoclase

2.55 - 2.76

6.0 - 6.5 Mohs

1.518 - 1.526

Feldspar

Peridot

3.22 - 3.45

7.0 Mohs

1.635 - 1.690

Peridot

Peristerite

2.55 - 2.76

6.0 - 6.5 Mohs

1.560 - 1.572

Feldspar

Praziolite

2.65

7.0 Mohs

1.540 - 1.550

Quartz

Pyrope

3.50 - 4.30

6.5 - 7.5 Mohs

1.730 - 1.760

Garnet

Pyrope-Almandine

3.50 - 4.30

6.5 - 7.5 Mohs

1.730 - 1.760

Garnet

Pyrope-Spessartine

3.50 - 4.30

6.5 - 7.5 Mohs

1.730 - 1.760

Garnet

Quartz

2.65

7.0 Mohs

1.544 - 1.553

Quartz

Red Beryl

2.63 - 2.91

7.5 - 8.0 Mohs

1.570 - 1.598

Beryl

Rhodolite

3.50 - 4.30

6.5 - 7.5 Mohs

1.740 - 1.770

Garnet

Rock Crystal

2.65

7.0 Mohs

2.000

Quartz

Rose Quartz

2.65

7.0 Mohs

1.540 - 1.550

Quartz

Rubellite

3.03 - 3.25

7.0 - 7.5 Mohs

1.610 - 1.640

Tourmaline

Rubicelle

3.58 - 4.06

8.0 Mohs

1.712 - 1.717

Spinel

Ruby

3.96 - 4.05

9.0 Mohs

1.757 - 1.779

Corundum

Sapphire

3.96 - 4.05

9.0 Mohs

1.757 - 1.779

Corundum

Sapphire Spinel

3.58 - 4.06

8.0 Mohs

1.712 - 1.747

Spinel

Siberite

3.03 - 3.25

7.0 - 7.5 Mohs

1.625-1.675

Tourmaline

Smoky Quartz

2.65

7.0 Mohs

1.540 - 1.550

Quartz

Spessartine

3.50 - 4.30

6.5 - 7.5 Mohs

1.790 - 1.810

Garnet

Spinel

3.58 - 4.06

8.0 Mohs

1.712 - 1.717

Spinel

Sunstone

2.55 - 2.76

6.0 - 6.5 Mohs

1.560 - 1.572

Feldspar

Topaz

3.50 - 3.60

8.0 Mohs

1.607 - 1.627

Topaz

Topazolite

3.50 - 4.30

6.5 - 7.5 Mohs

1.880 - 1.940

Garnet

Tourmaline

3.03 - 3.25

7.0 - 7.5 Mohs

1.603 - 1.655

Tourmaline

Tsavorite

3.50 - 4.30

6.5 - 7.5 Mohs

1.739 - 1.744

Garnet

Turquoise

2.60 - 2.80

5.0 - 6.0 Mohs

1.610 - 1.650

Turquoise

Uvarovite

3.50 - 4.30

6.5 - 7.5 Mohs

1.740 - 1.870

Garnet

Verdilite

3.03 - 3.25

7.0 - 7.5 Mohs

1.612-1.638

Tourmaline

Water Opal

1.98 - 2.25

5.5 - 6.5 Mohs

1.440 - 1.460

Opal

White Opal

1.98 - 2.25

5.5 - 6.5 Mohs

1.440 - 1.460

Opal

Zircon

4.60 - 4.70

7.5 Mohs

1.777 - 1.987

Zircon